Mexico
Agricultural trade profile showing top imported and exported commodities. Data from FAO FAOSTAT (2018–2023).
About Mexico's Agricultural Trade
Mexico recorded cumulative agricultural exports of $159.2B and imports of $137.8B between 2018 and 2023, giving it a total agricultural trade footprint of $297.0B. The country runs a trade surplus of $21.3B over this period, making it a net agricultural exporter. This positioning shapes how US tariff policy affects Mexico: net exporters are most sensitive to US import duty changes on their headline commodities, while net importers are more exposed to supply shocks and export restrictions from their sourcing partners.
The leading agricultural export from Mexico is Beer of barley; malted, while the largest single import is Maize (corn). The tables below rank the top 10 exported and imported commodities by value for 2023, each linking to a dedicated commodity page that shows the global picture, which other countries trade the same product, and which US HTS chapter applies at the border. Use this view to identify concentration risk (too much reliance on one commodity) and to map which trade flows might be most affected by tariff shifts.
US import duties depend primarily on the product's HTS classification, not the country of origin, for most-favored-nation partners. Mexico-origin shipments may qualify for preferential (Special) rates under specific free trade agreements, consult the HTS chapter pages for each product to see exact duty rates and applicable FTAs. All data here comes from FAO FAOSTAT Trade: Crops and Livestock (TCL), reported in USD (converted from FAO 1000 USD units), covering the top 100 agricultural commodities among the top 50 trading nations.
Top Agricultural Exports (2023)
| # | Commodity | Export Value |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beer of barley; malted | $5.8B |
| 2 | Undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 80% vol; spirits; liqueurs and other spirituous beverages | $4.3B |
| 3 | Tomatoes | $3.0B |
| 4 | Avocados | $2.8B |
| 5 | Chillies and peppers; green (Capsicum spp. and Pimenta spp.) | $1.6B |
| 6 | Meat of cattle boneless; fresh or chilled | $1.3B |
| 7 | Sugar confectionery | $1.2B |
| 8 | Other non-alcoholic caloric beverages | $1.1B |
| 9 | Cucumbers and gherkins | $812.0M |
| 10 | Lemons and limes | $806.1M |
Top Agricultural Imports (2023)
| # | Commodity | Import Value |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maize (corn) | $5.6B |
| 2 | Soya beans | $3.6B |
| 3 | Meat of pig with the bone; fresh or chilled | $2.1B |
| 4 | Wheat | $1.4B |
| 5 | Meat of chickens; fresh or chilled | $1.3B |
| 6 | Meat of cattle boneless; fresh or chilled | $1.1B |
| 7 | Cheese from whole cow milk | $831.4M |
| 8 | Rape or colza seed | $790.0M |
| 9 | Meat of pig boneless; fresh or chilled | $613.8M |
| 10 | Raw cane or beet sugar (centrifugal only) | $386.0M |
Trade Profile Summary
- Leading agricultural export: Beer of barley; malted
- Leading agricultural import: Maize (corn)
Frequently Asked Questions
What are Mexico's top agricultural exports? ▼
What are Mexico's top agricultural imports? ▼
Is Mexico a net agricultural exporter or importer? ▼
What tariffs does the US charge on imports from Mexico? ▼
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Learn More About Tariffs & Trade
Source: FAO FAOSTAT Trade: Crops and Livestock (TCL). Covers top 100 agricultural commodities traded among the top 50 nations by volume. Values in USD (converted from 1000 USD FAO units). Years: 2018–2023.
Related
Sources: U.S. International Trade Commission Harmonized Tariff Schedule (2026 Basic Edition) and FAO FAOSTAT Trade: Crops and Livestock. See our methodology for how figures are computed.
Every figure on PlainTariff is rendered directly from federal source data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on federal source data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.